An Analysis of Greasy lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle Essay

An Analysis of Greasy lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle - Essay Example The situations develop when the hero and his companions are searching for no particular reason and fervor and erroneously distinguish a vehicle left at Greasy Lake as having a place with their companion Tony. Choosing to pull a trick on him they blare and sparkle lights at the other vehicle and upon the revelation that it doesn’t have a place with their companion they end up in the center of a battle, with a character a lot harder and apparently progressively terrible, during which out of dread and edginess the storyteller hits the man with an iron and accept that he has murdered him. Aggravated by the practically ceremonial homicide of the man the young men savagely lash out on his better half with the expectation to assault her. They are trapped in the demonstration because of the appearance of another vehicle and departure by hanging out in the lake where he goofed into something. Something unspeakable, foul, something delicate, wet, greenery grown (129). It ended up being a body.

Human Resource Management Assignment Free Essays

Task Acknowledgment SHEET FOR SUBMISSION OF ASSESSMENT Serial No: 40074724 Please note: 1. Assignments must be submitted at the very latest the date due. 2. We will compose a custom exposition test on Human Resource Management Assignment or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Understudies must guarantee that they are not blameworthy of counterfeiting which is, basically, alluding to the words/thoughts of others without affirmation. Understudies must agree to the announcement beneath. | Students Declaration The joined task is my own work, and has never been submitted for appraisal on some other course previously. Legitimate referencing has been made to all sources: distributed or unpublished works and the thoughts of different people. (Student’s Signature) Yasas Kalubowila Full Name of Student Mr. Kalubowila Prathibha YasasDate submitted _14 Jan 2012_ Program _BA (Hons) †Business Management (Singapore) Course Code _39604BH______ Name of Module/subject _Human Resource Management Class ____1__________ â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- Assignment Title/Reference no. (in the event that material) _HRM 08701 (Part 2) â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- Instructor †Dr Allen/Mr Jeffrey Tan___ ___________________________________________________________________________ For Office Use| You are required to build up a two-day acceptance instructional class for Baristas (Day 1 should concentrate on organization enlistment and Day 2 on work explicit enlistment). The course is intended for all new baristas, and will be conveyed to gatherings of 12-16 individuals. Compose a report which incorporates a) The general point and explicit learning destinations for the course. Point of the Course As per Armstrong (2009), representatives are undeniably bound to leave during the underlying months in the wake of joining the association. The fundamental point of this enlistment program is to invite our new partners in to Cafe Co. family and to get them to comprehend their job inside the association. This will assist them with settling into their employments all the more effectively and simultaneously this will help the staff to increase the value of the organization which will assist the administration with aligning with the organization objectives and accomplish upper hand over the long haul. In any preparation program, the learning objective must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timely (Armstrong, 2006, p506) so as to chronicle the preparation objectives 1. Understanding the association and t * History * Understanding Vision, Mission Value Statement * Basic states of Employment ( Working hours, leaves, occasions, protection plans, ) * Organizational Structure 2. Working Culture * Effective group Management * Improve authority characteristics * Getting to know the line administrators 3. Item Knowledge * Varieties of espresso and planning strategies Food Menu Beverage Menu 4. Client care * Importance of client care * Standard activity methods (SOP) * Handling a client gripe * Customer gratefulness Word Count 170 b) A clarification of how this preparation program will improve the presentation of workers. * Give a comprehension about the organization history, present moment and long haul objectives * Company’s vision, strategic worth articulation * Al low the students to grasp organization culture and comprehend the standards and guidelines * Get to realize the administration staff and the earth so he students won't feel cornered * Understand the food and drinks which will be sold along with espresso * Learning the espresso blends and assortments of espresso beans so as to give a decent impression to the clients * Build a neighborly disposition toward work and enhance client assistance to pull in new clients * Understand the grouping of administration to give a smooth activity in administration and lessening time slacks Word Count 110 Day| Time| Venue| Description| Media| Remarks| 1| 8. 30 am†9. 5am| Training Room Foyer | Breakfast Registration | N/A| The member will be given with course materials, Employee Handbook and other vital documentation. | 9. 15am - 9. 30am| Training Room'| Welcome speech| N/A| The overseeing Director of Cafe Co will convey the welcome discourse. | 9. 30 am-10. 15 am | Training Room'| Introduction t o Cafe Co. | ProjectorVideo on Cafe Co. | The video will appear and expound on Cafe. Co History and the present standing. - History - Current Standing in the market| | 10. 15am †10. 0 am| Training Room Foyer| Morning Coffee Break | N/A| Buffet Spread with refreshments| | 10. 30 am-11. 30 am| Training Room | Our Business and Our Goals| Video, PowerPoint Presentation Speech| With help of the Employee Handbook, the mentor will experience ,Company vision ,Mission,Value articulation ,Goals †Long term and Short term| | 11. 30 am-12. 00 Noon| Open zone | Leadership icebreaker game| N/A| Trainees are partitioned into two gatherings to play the game â€Å"Magic Shoes†. Allude Appendix 1| | 12 Noon †1. 30pm| Restaurant | Lunch| N/A| The Group will be taken for the lunch at an eatery nearby| | 1. 0pm †2. 30pm| Training Room | Employment Conditions| Presentation Speech| The HR chief will brief on the Employment Condition and advantages given by the organization * Annu al Leave * Absent Reporting * Hours of work * Overtime installments * Contract| | 2. 30pm - 2. 45pm| Training Room| Q A| 2 remote amplifier, Facilitator| The Employees are to pose inquiries to explain any questions they have in regards to the agreement and the conditions| | 2. 45pm - 3. 15 pm| Training Room | Organizational Structure and Career progression openings | PowerPoint presentation| The HR Manager will ntroduce the top administration and the organization chain of command. Employment headway openings and instances of the people who began as baristas which had progressions in their vocations | 3. 30pm †3. 45pm | Training Room Foyer| Afternoon Coffee Break | N/A| Buffet Spread with refreshments| | 3. 45pm †5. 00pm| Training Room| Introduction to Cafe Co. Items | PowerPoint Presentation,Video Clips | The Employees will get the opportunity to see the line of items which Cafe Co. offering. | 5. 00pm | End of Day 1| Day| Time| Venue| Description| Media| Remarks| 2| 8. 30 am†9. 0am| Cafe Co. Outlet| Breakfast| N/A| Buffet Spread with refreshments| | 9. 00am - 10. 30am| Cafe Co. Outlet| Food Hygiene and Safety Requirements | PowerPoint Presentation, Demonstration| The coach will experience the food cleanliness security prerequisites. - Food arrangement - Handling of supplies - Fire wellbeing Fire Extinguishers-Fire Drill | 10. 30 am â€11. 00am| Cafe Co. Outlet| Customer Service | PowerPoint Presentation| Trainer will give an introduction,- Importance of the clients How to draw in new clients - Customer thankfulness - Customer Loyalty| | 11. 0am-12. 00 Noon| Cafe Co. Outlet| Handling Customer Complains| N/A| Role Play in gatherings of 3 to 4 - Each gathering is given a situation - The mentor will evaluate them in dealing with the circumstance - Remarks from the coach | 12. 00 Noon-1. 30pm| Cafe Co. Outlet| Lunch Meeting with the Line supervisors | N/A| Buffet Lunch-The Line Managers will go around and talk with the Trainees during the Lunch | 1. 30pm-3. 00pm| Cafe Co. Outlet| Standard Operational Procedure of Cafe Co. | Demonstration and PracticalCutleries, Cutleries | The Trainer will Demonstrate the administration succession. Inviting the Guest-Locating a table-Offering the Menu-Taking Orders-Serving - Attending to different solicitations from the visitor - Table Settings (Cutleries)| | 3. 00pm - 4. 45pm| Cafe Co. Outlet| Coffee Preparation Methods followed by Coffee Break| Coffee Machine, Coffee Cups, Sample Food in the Menu,| The Trainer will Demonstrate how to make Different Coffee Mixtures-Each Group will attempt to make their own Coffee-All the food things in the menu will be served during this meeting. - The coach will stress on the significance of item information. | 4. 45 pm †5. 5pm| Cafe Co. Outlet| Course Summery, Evaluation and Closing Address | PowerPoint Presentation, Evaluation Forms, Facilitator| The Trainer will give the Closing location and will leave the premises where the facilitator will lead t he Evaluations | 5. 15pm| End of the Induction Program| Word Count 613 an) Explain the preparation techniques and media you would propose for conveying each piece of the program, supporting your decisions. (1000 words) Learning Styles Before arranging a preparation program it is feeble for the coaches to comprehend various styles of students. As indicated by Honey Mumford, there are four styles of learning; they are activists, reflectors, scholars and practical people (Gray, Cundell, Hay and O’neill, 2004) Honey and Mumford additionally proposed that the utilization of the faculties (hear, see, feel, smell taste) can upgrade the students learning experience. Figure 1 - They need models, realities and ideas to take part in learning - like to comprehend hypotheses behind activities - Involves themselves in new encounters. - Willingness to face Challenges - Have a receptive outlook - individuals who learn by Doing Practical methodology - like to put what they realize in to rehearse - Experimenting - like to evaluate new thoughts - Learn by watching and thinking - sets aside some effort to reach resolution - they abstain from jumping in prefer to watch in the side lines Training Methods Choosing the right preparing technique to convey the preparation is significant for both the mentor and the learner. There are bunches of components to consider while picking a technique. Some of them are: Audience age, level of instruction, learning style of the students, financial plan, trainer’s abilities and preparing style. Preparing Method | Description| Advantages | Drawbacks | Where did we use? | Why did we use? | Lesson/Instructions| The coach will convey the exercise to a gathering of individuals | Ideal for littler gatherings. Can file move of data easilyCan make the lear

Read Every Day 7 Ways to Put a Little Literature in Your Inbox

Read Every Day 7 Ways to Put a Little Literature in Your Inbox As I accumulate side jobs like its my job, I find more and more days pass by where I dont really sit down and read. Although I try to listen to audiobooks during my commute, I wanted another way to make sure I got a little literature in my brain every day. Thats when I discovered the existence of newsletters that send a short piece of literature right to your inbox. Most of us are constantly checking our email anyway, so why not make sure one of those emails will be a poem, a short story, or essay? These email newsletters tend to be short, something you can read in a few minutes while you sip your coffee or tea. Theyve let me add a few solid reading minutes to even my busier mornings. Plus, getting a poem in my email every day helps me make sure Im actually reading poetry! So you can bring a little more reading into your inbox, here is a list of a few sources for literary email goodness: Poetry The Poetry Foundations Poem a Day feed allows you to subscribe via your preferred reader. A new poem is posted every day, with a mix of poetry from canonical and contemporary poets. Poets.orgs Poem-a-Day email is as easy as it gets. They send an email once a day that includes the text of the poem right in your email! Typically, its contemporary poetry on weekdays with throwback classics on the weekend. Prose The Season of Stories runs from October 11-December 30th and sends you a short story or essay straight to your inbox. Ive really been enjoying them so far. Daily Science Fiction will shoot a science fiction story to your inbox every day if you sign up for their newsletter. Daily Lit will send you 15-minute installments of a book of your choice each day. Theres a vast library of books, both free and for purchase, to choose from. You can also check out the serials and short stories they publish to fit this time frame. Every Day Fiction sends you a short short story each day. Their tagline is bite sized stories for a busy world, which promises content that will slip seamlessly into your day. Mixed Bag The Writers Almanac newsletter includes short poetry or prose depending on the day. Theres also bonus literary history so you can brush up on your bookish trivia. These are just a few of the many options to find a daily email that will encourage you to read a little every day. Happy reading!

Formula for the Normal Distribution or Bell Curve

AP English Literature - Learn What Score You Need

AP English Literature and Composition is one of the more popular Advanced Placement subjects. Nevertheless,  roughly 175,000 more students took the AP English Language course and exam in 2018. The literature course is primarily focused on college-level literary analysis, and students who do well on the AP English Literature exam will often earn college credit for composition or literature. About the AP English Literature Course and Exam The AP English Literature course covers important literary works from a range of genres, periods and cultures. Students learn close-reading and analytical skills, and they learn to identify a literary works structure, style, tone, and use of literary conventions such as imagery and figurative language.   Students in AP Literature work at becoming active readers; in other words, they learn to become thoughtful and critical readers who can analyze and appreciate the various writing strategies employed by a wide range of authors.   The course has no required reading list, and individual AP instructors are free to choose any literary works that invite a rewarding reading experience. Genres will include poetry, drama, fiction, and expository prose. Most texts will have been originally written in English and may have originated in the United States, Canada, England, Africa, India, and elsewhere. A few works—such as a Russian classic or Greek tragedy—might be read in translation. The focus of the course, however, is much more on reading and writing skills, not specific authors. On the writing front, students learn to write effective analytical essays that employ a wide-ranging and appropriate vocabulary, effective and varied sentence structures, logical organization, strategic use of both generalization and specific detail, and careful attention to rhetorical forms, voice, and tone. AP English Literature Score Information Many colleges and universities have a composition and/or literature requirement, so a high score on the AP English Literature exam will often fulfill one of these requirements. The AP English Literature and Composition test has a one-hour multiple-choice section and a two-hour free-response writing section. The score on the is based on a combination of the multiple choice section (45 percent  of score) and the free-response essay section (55 percent of score).   In 2018, 404,014 students took the exam and earned a mean score of 2.57. Close to half of those students (47.3 percent) received a score of 3 or higher indicating that they have enough mastery of the subject matter to potentially earn college credit or course placement. The distribution of scores for the AP English Literature exam is as follows: AP English Literature Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 22,826 5.6 4 58,765 14.5 3 109,700 27.2 2 145,307 36.0 1 67,416 16.7 The College Board has released preliminary score percentages for the 2019 exam. Keep in mind that these numbers may change slightly as late exams are added to the calculations. Preliminary 2019 AP English Literature Score Data Score Percentage of Students 5 6.2 4 15.9 3 28 2 34.3 1 15.6 College Credit and Course Placement for AP English Literature The table below provides some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general overview of the scoring and placement information related to the AP English Literature exam. For schools not listed below, youll need to look on the colleges website or contact the appropriate Registrars office to get AP placement information. AP English Literature Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Hamilton College 4 or 5 Placement into some 200-level courses; 2 credits for score of 5 and B- or higher in a 200-level course Grinnell College 5 ENG 120 LSU 3, 4 or 5 ENGL 1001 (3 credits) for a 3; ENGL 1001 and 2025 or 2027 or 2029 or 2123 (6 credits) for a 4; ENGL 1001, 2025 or 2027 or 2029 or 2123, and 2000 (9 credits) for a 5 Mississippi State University 3, 4 or 5 EN 1103 (3 credits) for a 3; EN 1103 and 1113 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Notre Dame 4 or 5 First Year Composition 13100 (3 credits) Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit; no placement Stanford University - No credit for AP English Literature Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 ENG 111 Introduction to the Short Story (3 credits) UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits and entry writing requirement for a 3; 8 credits, entry writing requirement and English Comp Writing I requirement for a 4 or 5 Yale University 5 2 credits; ENGL 114a or b, 115a or b, 116b, 117b A Final Word on AP English Literature Keep in mind that another benefit to the successful completion of an AP Literature course is that it helps demonstrate your college readiness in a core subject area. Most of the countrys highly selective colleges and universities have  holistic admissions, and the admissions officers look not just at your GPA, but  how challenging your course work is. Colleges would much rather see you successfully complete a challenging college preparatory class in English than an easy English elective. AP Literature shows that you are taking the most advanced course possible in literature. So even at a school like Stanford that does not award any credit or placement for AP English Literature, your decision to take the class still strengthens your application. To learn more specific information about the AP English Literature exam, be sure to visit the  official College Board website.

Mining and its Affects on the Community Free Essays

Arrandale, Tom. â€Å"Public Land Policy†. CQ Researcher Online. We will write a custom essay sample on Mining and its Affects on the Community or any similar topic only for you Order Now 17 June 1994. Rio Salado College Online.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     http://www.riosalado.edu/services/student/support/library/research/alpha.shtml Tom Arrandale, a CQ Researcher contributor from Albuqueque, New Mexico, uses   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  congressional hearings and senate records to provide an unbiased documentation of the raging battle over the Clinton administration’s plans to up user fees and implement stricter control in the use of public lands which yield gold, timber, and livestock feed.   In a previous report, Mary Cooper cited the opposition of residents of Washington, Oregon and northern California against stricter control and are said to be unwilling to sacrifice â€Å"jobs for owls†. Cooper, Mary H. â€Å"Cleaning Up Hazardous Wastes†. CQ Researcher Online. 23 August 1996. Rio Salado College Online. http://www.riosalado.edu/services/student/support/library/research/alpha.shtml This article discusses the positive and negative aspects of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, which is more popularly known as the Superfund law which went into effect December 11, 1980, as well as the need to improve it.   She had previously identified some of the former U.S. Nuclear Weapons Plants which became Superfund sites in her earlier report entitled â€Å"Nuclear Arms Cleanup†, published in the June 24, 1994 issue of the CQ Researcher Associated essay: Text Mining and Business Ramifications Cooper, Mary H. â€Å"Water Quality†. CQ Researcher Online. 24 November 2000. Rio Salado College Online.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.riosalado.edu/services/student/support/library/research/alpha.shtml This article is about the success of the 1972 Clean Water Act in eliminating water pollutants coming from the most obvious point sources which are the industrial plants and sewage treatment plants.   However, Cooper contends that about forty percent of waters in the country are still polluted owing to runoffs from coal mines in the mountains, animal wastes and toxic chemicals from agricultural farms, and toxins from city street sewers.   In another article a couple of years later entitled â€Å"Bush and the Environment†, Cooper voiced the same apprehension when the Bush administration allowed companies mining for coal in the mountains of Kentucky and West Virginia to dump their rubbles into surrounding streams. Landers, Robert K. â€Å"Is America Allowing Its Past To Be Stolen?† CQ Researcher Online. 18 January 1991. Rio Salado College Online.   http://www.riosalado.edu/services/student/support/library/research/alpha.shtml Landers talks about how America’s past is being lost through the mining of American Indian artifacts and discusses the merits and shortcomings of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act signed by President Bush in November 1990. In a later article in the CQ Researcher, Mary Cooper writes about the American Indians’ fear â€Å"of racism by a society that can’t come to grips with its bloody past.† Prah, Pamela M. â€Å"Coal Mining Safety†. CQ Researcher Online. 17 March 2006. Rio Salado College Online. http://www.riosalado.edu/services/student/support/library/research/alpha.shtml Using extracts from a congressional forum on mine safety as well as statements of experts  and government authorities, Prah dwells on the subject of the protection of the nation’s coal miners in the aftermath of an incident in a Sago, West Virginia mine explosion which killed 12 miners.   This prompted the NIOSH, the Mine Safety and Health Administration, and the state of West Virginia, to co-sponsor an International Mining Health and Safety Symposium on April 20-22, 2006 in Wheeling, West Virginia.                            How to cite Mining and its Affects on the Community, Essay examples

Analysis of Threats to Auditor Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Identify and Evaluate any threats in relation to Auditor Independence 2.Identify any Safeguards to those threats Identified above. Answers: 1.Risks in relation to Independence of Auditor Promotion of Company by an auditor In the situation under study, where the client wants the auditor to promote about his business policies and practices at the public platform in an seminar and if the auditor denies this then continuation of audit in next year is in question. The risk clearly shows the threat of intimidation in which the client has dominance power over the auditor and can affect the reporting of auditor by making him concern about his financial security. The risk in this can be assessed by the degree of dominance created by the client over auditor reporting (Edwin, 2015). Benefit given to Auditor In the given case, where the client is giving extra benefits in form of holiday vouchers of the fourteen days to one of the member of audit team Geoff for himself and his family member creates the financial interest of the auditor in the business of LTH Company. The auditor may have a personal interest in the business of the client and can overlook the mistakes identified during audit in returning the favor of free vouchers received by auditor. The threat in given situation related to auditor independence is the threat of Self Interest. The risk can determine by the quantum of interest taken by the auditor in the business of the client (Barizah, 2016). Family Relationship among the auditor and employees of the company While having conversation with the audit team member Michael it comes under notice that person responsible of preparation of financial statements in LTH Company is the father of Michael. The audit team member in this situation may report the mistakes of his father which he is able to allocate during audit process. The audit reporting free from any biasness is hampering with the threat of familiarity in the situation. This threat can be evaluated by the level of mistakes ignored by the auditor while doing audit due to his family relations (UK, 2013). Audit and Non Audit Services performed by the Audit Team Member In understanding the situation of the client, the audit team has performed some of the accounting and taxation services of the client about four weeks ago for the same year for which she has to do audit services. The audit team member is under purview that the work done by her is free from error and mistake and she does not need to have a look on the same at the time of audit. The risk in this situation is the risk of self review which impacts the independence of the auditor while reporting the true and fair view about affairs of the company. This risk is appraised by the degree of assumptions made by the audit team member in respect of correctness of the non audit work done by her. 2.Safeguards from the risk in respect of independence of auditor Safeguards available because of the applicable regulations are called regulatory safeguards. These includes: Monitoring and reviewing of work of auditor by the Government authorities and their agents. Evaluation of reporting done by auditor for the clients by the Australian Auditing Standard Board. Reporting of Frauds and errors of Clients business to the regulatory bodies. All the audit method as defined under different statutes are applied while doing audit Safeguards available because of the engagement letter between client and auditor are called engagement safeguards. These includes: Expression of interest in relation to client business is to be disclosed before taking up the assignment Rotation of team members of each year of audit The assurance and audit team members are different for same client No extra benefits should be taken by auditor and his team to safe himself from under influence of client while reporting (Livine, 2015). Situation of danger in working of business in respect of purchase of inventory by the company The current audit practices are more concern about the assessment of risks that can create the situation of danger in the business and can hamper the going concern policies of any business. Now a days business environments are very complex and critical in nature and the reaction towards such complex business environment by the management creates the situation of risk in business. The following are the two major risk situations in the business policies of MSL Mining Supply Limited: Foreign Currency Fluctuation Risk- the Company is purchasing the supplies from the creditors located in different countries of the world like China, UK, and USA etc. The currencies of the respective counties are different from home currency of the company. While purchasing the goods from these suppliers, the business of the company comes under purview of the Foreign Currency risk which changes every second according to the market forces. Loss of spares- Since main equipments and its spares parts transported from different supplier and customers located in different parts of the world, there may be chances of damage of spares in the transportation. The company has to made provision about such damages as the company does not have any clear agreement with supplier or customers about damage of spares in transit (Imrie, 2011). Risks in audit and account balances which require more attention of the auditor in respect of situation of dangers identified in MSL Mining Supply Limited Risk in audit refers that financial statements are not correct in all respect and the opinion of the auditor in respect of such statements are bias in nature and full of misstatement, errors. The two components which auditor has to take into consideration are level of material mistakes and the finding level of such mistakes. In case of MSL Mining Supply Limited, the audit risks in comparison to the business risk identified are as follows: Detection Risk- This risk is present in audit because of quantitative mistakes in financial statements due to wrong application of business policies by the company. These risk results in frauds and error in any company and procedures compliance and substantive applied by auditor fails to detect or find the mistakes done in the financial statements of the company. The accounts which require more concern of auditor are Supplier, Customers, Bank Charges, Foreign Exchange Gain and Foreign Exchange Loss. Control Risks- These are risk situation arises out of the errors or mistakes in the financial statements due the lack of control policies of the management. Adequate internal controls system of an organization can help in reducing and assessing the risk level in an organization. The account balance that requires auditor attention is Purchases, Sales, Customers, Suppliers, Inventory and Loss of Goods (Long, 2015). References Barizah N, (2016), Threats to Auditor Independence, available at https://www.academia.edu/260449/Threats_to_Auditor_Independence accessed on27/04/2017. Edwin M, (2015), Analysis of Threats to Auditor Independence and Available Safeguards against those threats, available at https://www.academia.edu/9406967/THREATS_TO_AUDITORS_INDEPENDENCE accessed on 26/04/2017 Imrie B, (2011), Business Risks facing the Mining Industry, available at https://www.in.kpmg.com/SecureData/ACI/Files/Top_20_Risks_the_Mining_Industry.pdf accessed at 26/04/2017. Livine G, (2015), Threats to Auditor Independence and Possible Remedies, available on https://www.financepractitioner.com/auditing-best-practice/threats-to-auditor-independence-and-possible-remedies?full accessed on 27/04/2017. Long G, (2015), Audit Risk and Business Risk, available at https://www.cpaireland.ie/docs/default-source/Students/Study-Support/P2-Audit-Practice-Assurance-Services/audit-risk-and-business-risk.pdf?sfvrsn=0 accessed on 27/04/2017. UK Essays, (2013), Threat To Auditor Independence Accounting Essay. Available at https://www.uniassignment.com/essay-samples/accounting/threat-to-auditor-independence-accounting-essay.php?cref=1 Accessed on 26/04/2017

An Overview of Enterprise Resource Planning free essay sample

Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) systems are software packages that can be used for the core systems necessary to support enterprise systems. The best-selling ERP is SAP Such ERP modules consist of Sales and Distribution, Material Managements, Financial Accounting, and Controlling and Profitability Analysis. In the words of Rockford Consulting (and many other firms), the single issue of ERP is failure to implement it. There are five known ways of how to constitute: not making the promised return on investment, extending the implementation schedule and start-up date inordinately, going over budget by unconscionable variances, grinding the organization to a crawl pace, or the severest of all consequences, and ceasing production and/or not delivering orders to your customers. Rockford has twelve â€Å"cardinal sins† regarding ERP Implementation: Lack of Top Management Commitment: Inadequate Requirements Definition; Poor Package Selection; Inadequate Resources; Resistance to Change/Lack of Buy-in; miscalculation of Time and Effort; Misfit of Application Software with Business Processes; Unrealistic Expectation of Benefits and ROI; Inadequate Training and Education; Poor Project Design and Management; Poor Communications; and Ill-advised Cost Cutting. We will write a custom essay sample on An Overview of Enterprise Resource Planning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today, companies define success when it comes to an ERP implementation or upgrade. This is mostly due to well how they have planned for contingencies, set up reasonable expectations, and created lines of communication between the CEO, front-line users, and everyone else in between. For example, Au Bon Pain (a chain of restaurants) used to utilize â€Å"legacy systems† and â€Å"SAT ERP†, but currently uses a unified IT platform that provides such things as optimized performance, enhanced visibility with real-time data capture, Increased productivity, and accelerated financial closings. The environments in which IT professionals are striving on projects (similar to the one at Au Bon Pain) is disconcerting: Most businesses today are â€Å"oversoftwared†, in that many users are frustrated by applications’ poor performances, and return on software investments is almost always forgotten. This results in many CFOs and CEOs arriving at a state of general ambivalence toward ERP systems, or (as a worst-case scenario) an accrued and outward hatred of software overhauls. Like all things, ERP has its failures as well. Even after so many people love a substantial amount of money, there are substantial benefits. Commercial ERP software promises the seamless integration and consistency of all the information flows in an organization; financial and accounting, human resources, purchasing and supply chain, customer tracking and order placement, inventory management, and even production management. The promised savings in paperwork and man hours from automated processes is prodigious, not to mention the increased service quality provided to customers. In addition, there’s inventory reduction, supply chain cost efficiencies, and better decision support at every level. Most companies treat ERP implementation as a large scale IT project. But the scope and impact of an ERP implementation on the business is so great that the project is required to be considered as a business initiative with an IT component. This includes the development of a business plan for the project, which specifies the â€Å"market† or â€Å"business advantages† to be gained from implementing the ERP plan. The decision to implement ERP should be in response to specific business needs or objectives. Rather than just saying â€Å"yes, we want all those possible benefits†, the organization should focus on a limited set of business benefits to be gained from the ERP implementation. Once identified, these business needs would form the basis for much of the planning and management of the ERP project. If there are no compelling business needs that can be identified, then the ERP project is doomed to fail as a result of a lack of focus and the necessary management tools. The many companies that gain the most benefit from their implemented ERP systems are those that start by looking at them in strategic and organizational terms. The most (if not the best) fundamental reason for implementing ERP is to provide some competitive advantage, whether it be lower costs, faster response to market events, or better customer service. Nonetheless, these benefits can often be offset, by the impact the organization’s ERP system will have on its current business strategies and competitive advantages. Even after looking over articles by CIO, Rockford Consulting, and even CFO, I have no opinion about ERP. It has its successes and it has its failures. Whether or not to implement ERP in any particular company, I suppose it would be OK, only as long as the company is certain that it’s for the best for its management, its staff, and its regular customers; it would also be allowed as long as the company doesn’t go over the budget.

The Alliance for Retired Americans essayEssay Writing Service

The Alliance for Retired Americans essayEssay Writing Service The Alliance for Retired Americans essay The Alliance for Retired Americans essayThe Alliance for Retired Americans (ARA) is an effective nonprofit, nonpartisan organization specially developed for retired trade union members. The ARA was founded in 2001. This organization is connected with two other organizations, namely the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) and the Change to Win Federation (CtW). It also includes non-union and community-based members. The predecessor of this organization was the National Council of Senior Citizens (NCSC). According to statistical data, in 2012, the ARA had more than 4 million members in the United States. The ARA has developed effective programs, which operate in 33 states.The ARA is considered to be a nationwide organization as it addresses the issues of concern at the national level. According to the information presented on the official website of the organization, for 13 years, the ARA â€Å"has enrolled and mobilized retired union member s and other seniors and community activists into a nationwide grassroots movement advocating a progressive political and social agenda that respects work and strengthens families† (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014).The ARA office is headquartered in Washington D.C.Membership The ARA involves retired seniors of the United States, as well as different community activist groups, which are focused on addressing the issues of public concern regarding the aged. For example, the members of this organization may voice the discrepancies found in public policies that may have a negative impact on American seniors. Membership in the ARA can be defined broadly because the ARA includes the members of NCSC, who became the members of ARA automatically. Today the ARA invites retired union members from all parts of the United States. At the same time, the ARA invites the retired workers who have never been union members. The ARA’s dues are not too high, only $1 0 a year for a retired union member. According to the national convention, the ARA membership organizes meetings every non-presidential election year in order toparticipate in the election of the governing board members: a President, a Secretary-Treasurer, an Executive Vice-President, and six Board Members.According to the established rules and regulations, every member of the ARA has the rights to attend the national convention as well as to use his/her voting right. The funding unions have the right to send their selected delegates. The membership is responsible for providing the discussion of policies, in order to approve the most effective ones. Besides, the membership is responsible for solving various issues connected with voluntary donations for the organization’s political and social activities (Binstock 267).Funding   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As the ARA’s predecessor was NCSC, it is necessary to refer to its history, which tells much about funding. During th e 1960s -1970s, NCSC was funded by the federal funds, according to the Older Americans Act. Title V of the Older Americans Act provided opportunities for funding part-time employment for under-employed seniors. Today the ARA is a sponsor of Educational Fund, which is focused on research work and production of publications on public policies (Hillier Barrow 23).Governing Board The governing body of the ARA includes the selected members of the organization.   The ARA is governed by the members of the national executive board, which includes six community-based directors and six directors appointed by the affiliated unions (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014). The Governing Board includes:The ARA President: Barbara Easterling. She held the position of the Secretary-Treasurer of the AFL-CIO.The ARA Community-Based Executive Director: Richard Fiesta. He served at the Departments of Labor and the Interior and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.The ARA Secr etary-Treasurer: Ruben Burks. He was a Secretary-Treasurer of the United Auto Workers.The ARA Executive Vice-President: Jo Etta Brown. She was a leader of the Alliance for Retired Americans Community Advocacy Network.The ARAExecutive Vice-President: Liz Shuler. She served as a Secretary-Treasurer of the AFL-CIO (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014).The major goals of the organization The major goal of the ARA is to give American seniors a sound and reputable voice nationwide, as well as within their communities. The ARA is focused on the organization of the effective advocate groups in order to lobby on the major legislative issues associated with the aged, including Medicare, Social Security, long-term care insurance reform plans and affordable housing benefits. Actually, the mission of the ARA is to â€Å"ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and sec urity† (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014).The ARA members are active participants of the polls. They effectively use their membership rights to educate other seniors of new policies and mobilize them to take an active part in elections of the leaders, who areâ€Å"committed to improving the lives of retirees and older Americans† (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014). Special attention is paid to social programs, including Social Security and Medicare. For example, in 2013,   the ARA members created Human Chain Against the Chained CPI events in more than 50 cities in order to stop the cut and earn Social Security benefits (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Official Website, 2014). In addition, the ARA members managed to block the privatization of Social Security using the ARA’s Social Security Truth Truck. The ARA provided more than 2.1 million petitions to the US Congress (The Alliance for Retired Americans, Of ficial Website, 2014). In general, the ARA helps current retirees to succeed in protecting their rights.

Horseradish peroxidase assay Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Horseradish peroxidase assay - Lab Report Example For each enzyme there is a small of range of pH within which it works optimally. Enzymes have  active sites in their structures. The active site is the part of the enzyme that has the correct shape and the functional groups required to bind to the substrate (Dunford, 1999). Enzyme activity can be measured in any one of these two ways: observing the rate at which the substrate disappears during a reaction or measuring the rate at which the product is formed. Enzyme assays are used in such measurements. There are two methods that have been developed for use in measuring the amount of substrates or products in a chemical reaction: continuous and fixed-timed assays. Continuous assay make use of a spectrophotometer to measure the rates at which the substrate disappears and products form in real-time (Leskovac, 2003). To measure the peroxidase activity a change in the amount of product formed will be evaluated over time. For the breakdown of peroxide by peroxidase, the simplest molecule that can be measured is O2 gas, the product of the decomposition of peroxide. To accomplish this the real volume of O2 gas produced is measured by use of an indicator. For this experiment an indicator (pyrogallol) that shows the presence of O2 gas will be used (Dunford, 2010). 2.50 cm3, 0.35 cm3, 0.10 cm3, and 0.35 cm3 of deionized water, buffer solution (at a pH of 6.0), hydrogen peroxide, and pyrogallol respectively were pipetted into two separate cuvettes labelled Cuvette 1 and Cuvette 2. The contents of the cuvettes were then mixed well using a small glass rod. The spectrophotometer was set to 420 nm after which Cuvette 1 was placed into it. 0.1 ml of the buffer solution was added to the cuvette and then stirred using a small glass rod. The readings of the spectrophotometer were recorded every 10 seconds for 5 minutes. Cuvette 2 (blank) was placed into the spectrophotometer. 0.1 ml of

Company logistic analysis and drawbacks and recomendation Research Proposal

Company logistic analysis and drawbacks and recomendation - Research Proposal Example The company is listed on the New York stock exchange and in the doe Jones. The company enjoys good revenue. In the finical year of 2011, the company made a profit of 3.9 billion and their gross sales were up to 70.4 billion. The company’s stocks enjoy good ratings and trading in the stock exchange. The dividends paid for the stocks are good and shareholders enjoy many benefits that come with the strength of the stocks (Burritt). In the year 2010, home depot bought a portable device technology. This technology is aimed at easing the process of stocking shelves. It also allows them to keep an eye on customers no matter which part of the store they are in. this has helped a lot in improving customer service. The company is an all rounded company. This is because when customers have money, it allows them to do home improvements more often. This stocking technology has allowed home depot to make huge profits. This technology helps them in knowing which products have been lifted fro m the shelves and need replacement. Because of the positive feedback that they are receiving because of this technology, it is safe to assume that they will invest more in these types of technology. The company is also searching for new technology that will help them stock their shelves better. Factors Leading to its Success Home Depot is aiming at serving customers better. They want to improve customer’s satisfaction so that they can get more revenue in sales. Some of the measures that home depot has undertaken so as to improve their services are, Customer service – continued focus on customer service is driven by philosophies of making an emotive link with the customer. These philosophies are putting the customer first and making the business simple. Home depot has opened new call centers in Utah and Georgia simply to have a more personalized connection with the customers. All these centers have been opened in the last financial year. This has played a major role in increasing the earnings and profit margins for the company. In additions, new wits such as the new arrangement system for secondary and centralized return to seller process has more than 57% of all labor hours dedicated to customer services and by the end of the financial year of 2013 the labor hours will have reached 60%. In addition, other measures will be put in place to ensure complete customer satisfaction. This will lead to increased sales bringing the stock price to a higher price. This will put the stocks in a better position than the previous year. Product authority – focus on product expertise is enabled by selling transformation and a collection of strategies, which are aimed at delivering product novelty, variety and worth. In extension of this approach, new merchandise and importance for both our expertise and D-I-Y client in a variety of divisions are the focus of the approach. In addition, expansion of showrooms to accommodate more products especially the Elect rolux, whirlpool and Frigidaire will help in helping these brands to move and reach more consumers. This is because of the exposure that these brands will have on the open market. Controlled capital distribution, efficiency and competence – the tactic to driving productivity and effectiveness is advanced through nonstop operational upgrading, incremental supply chain welfares, disciplined money distributions and expenditure control. Also building shareholder worth through complex

The Process of Literary Translation

The Process of Literary Translation 2.1 Literary Translation Translation process is an artistic communication between the author, the translator and the reader and the words used by the translator constitutes the major part in the process of communicating ideas or feelings of the author. Literature is both the condition and the place of artistic communication between senders and addressees or the public (Basnett,2002) The translator is the first one who must comprehend, read and interpret the source text then to render it in a different medium. Literary translation includes fiction,poetry, drama and the language arts must be taken into consideration by the translator. The purposes of the translator are to transfer the information but also to create an equivalent form of art. The beauty of the translators work is that they bring a great contribution to the creative process being recognized as part of the literary world. The literary translator must therefore possess a great knowledge of both the TL culture and language and the SL culture being able to command tone, style to glean meaning for ambiguity and to identify with the authors style and imagination. Literary texts are characterized by rhetorical and aesthetic value. There is a strong connection between form and content within literary text while the non literary text the content is separated from the structure. Translation problems and solutions 2.1.1 Basic concepts First of all it is clear that every book is different and it presents its own problems.For this reason the translator of literary fiction is the one who makes most of the critical decisions when it comes to produce the best translation.It is thought that sometimes it is more important to create a translation that can evoque the spirit and particular energy of the original rather than making a translation faithful to the original. Usually this is the main concern of a translator because one may think that taking these liberties may be seen as unprofessional.The new work, the new translation is actually an interpretation of the original therefore it is not mandatory to preserve literal words and phrases in order to be faithfull to the ST.On contrary,, translators are encouraged to use their creative abilities to adapt the original text. Translators maust take risks when it comes to render a good translation in order for the readers to understand the writer s message.This could not be achieved by following word for word translation because it would not stimulate the interest of the readership. A literary translator must have the skills to transmit feelings, culture, nuances, humour and other elements of the masterpiece. According to Sachin Ketkar in the field of Literary Translation, the central problem is to find the TL equivalence for features of the original as style, genre, figurative language and historical stylistic dimensions, polyvalence, connotations as well as denotations,cultural items and culture specific concepts and values 2.1.2 Titles Title of a book, an article, or a newspaper is the element which captures the attention of the public. The title is nowadays a commercial decision and sometimes a complete change is required in a translators activity in order to attract the world of consumers, readers. The decision of changing or adapting a title must be made tough based on the content of the specific text. One of the cases where the title was kept in the translated text as original is the case of Sandra Smith-the one who translated the book la suite Francaise- who decided to keep the title in French despite the fact that she was skeptical about the acceptance of her translation in the American narket.However the book was a great success in UK AND US.in 2007. The Italian Levi Primo did not agree to change the title of his books. The title of one of his books If this is a man was an integral part of the book, but it was changed in the American edition into Escape from Auschwitz a title which he considered inappropriate and vulgar. La chiave a stella another book of the Italian writer was published in US under a new title The Monkeys wrench which was not suitable because the title refered to a certain shape and the apostrophe changed its sense. Gill Paul in his book states that relying on a literal translation for a title is a common mistake because the translator may select a misleading title which may affect the readers reaction. Literary translators should be creative when it comes to decide for the best title when translating a book. 2.1.3 Stylized language Translating a text can be a real challenge when the specific text was written in a particular style a long time ago.Even contemporary writers may have a style which can pe problematic for a translator.The problem is if the translator decides to update the text in order to make it accessible, thereby may loose distinctive use of vocabulary and other characteristics of the original text. Nobody would expect to read Shakespeare in Modern English because it would loose its beauty. Gill Paul suggests some advice in order to render a proper translation.He states that if the author of a book is still alive, it would be wise to actually get in touch with the artist in order to obtain a better understanding of its masterpiece.Unfortunately this option is not always available, therefore translators must become in other words the artists who can recreate a new style but to have the same effect that can be percepted by the readership. Translators must often become their own critics in order to obtain the correct mood, tone and style with the original. Sometimes, certain feelings can influence the style of a text which it would be a negative part of a translator;s work.For this reason, translators should always keep an objective attitude towards their work, sometimes changing the direct speech into indirect speech or sometimes they can leave the passage out. Something will have been lost but the important thing is that translation should not call attention to itself because it can ruin the readers experience of the book (Gill Paul) Strong language I personally find bad language very difficult to translate as literal translation.Translators tend to ignore the strong language because they are not comfortable with it.In some cultures, swearing is a more common activity than any other thing.In English-speaking countries, bad language is considered less acceptable. The main problem is that sometimes there is no equivalent which can match the other culture, language to be translated. Robert Chandler had encountered bad language when translating the Russian text The Railways Curses and swearwords present a particular problem for translatorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦our lexicon of abusive language is oddly limited and the more flared curses still common in Russian tend to sound laughable if translated at all literally He suggests simplifying the words by having our own perception of the essence of the bad words in the other culture. Swear words function as vehicles of self expression. There are three ways to translate the strong language. The most effective method which cannot always be used is to find the words equivalent in the TL, but swearwords are sometimes culturally derived and they have no perfect equivalence or perfect translation. Another way to translate the bad language is to rephrase the term, which means avoiding the word in question, not always faithful to the original text. Translating word by word is another way to translate the bad language but it does not always match the meaning of the word itself. Translators must deal with censorship and must choose between translating the text as it is worded or adjusting it to reflect the speech patterns of the TL. Translators agree that is not professional to omit specific words based only on ethical or moral grounds.The text itself is not targeted towards them therefore they should not take it as offence and it is in their best interest to provide a faithful translation. Colloquialisms In this area the, the most important issue with slang is the selection of the appropriate terms. G.Paull states that in this area it can be a question of getting exactly the right translator for the job .He also describes the profile of the suitable translator for colloquialism: Translators with a good working knowledge of colloquialism, dialect and slang in the native country, who can get across the meaning and help to come up with equivalents that are appropriate, do not jar with the reader and most importantly, do not date. Translators must be sensitive to the culture and colloquial differences of different countries.

Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Essay

Patient confidentiality is essential in developing a trusting relationship between a healthcare worker and the patient. Confidentiality means that the patients personal and medical information that is given to a health care provider will not be disclosed to others unless the patient has given permission for the information to be released (â€Å"Confidentiality,† 2014). There are situations where a breach of confidentiality may occur and is acceptable. These situations include information when an individual has been diagnosed with a specific disease, such as Tuberculosis or an injury, such as a gunshot wound. Other situations may be when there is evidence that the patient may cause harm to himself or others. The nursing profession is one that promises to abide by the laws of patient confidentiality. Protecting the patients’ rights is guaranteed by both common law-which is the decisions of the courts, and statute law-which is passed by Parliament (O’Dowd, 2014). This commitment to the patient helps preserve high quality care for that patient, as disclosing important information between the patient and nurse, is essential for the patient to receive the appropriate medical care. Patients put their trust into the nurse, as they expect the nurse to respect their privacy, when that trust is broken, the relationship between the nurse and patient declines. Losing the trust is one of the ethical implications that may occur when a breach of confidentiality occurs. Other ethical implications that can occur are disciplinary action by the employer, disciplinary proceedings under the health professionals regulatory statute, and a fine may be imposed (â€Å"Patient Confidentiality,† n. d. ). Pamela G. Nathanson wrote an article in reference to an episode of NBC’s ER which reveals an ER nurse who faces an ethical dilemma in regards to patient confidentiality. The ER nurse has made a promise to two fourteen year old girls that she will not disclose any medical information to their parents. The girls trust the nurse that she will keep her promise; therefore, they disclose their personal concerns. One of the girls test positive for a serious medical condition, at this point, the ER nurse has reached an ethical dilemma. She needs to make an ethical decision as to whether or not she should disclose the information to the young girls’ parents. In this situation, the ER nurse has made the appropriate decision to have a breach of confidentiality and inform the young girls’ parents of their daughters’ medical condition. In understanding ethical theories and/or ethical principles, this has assisted the ER nurse in making the correct decision. Ethical theories and principles guide individuals in making decisions. When using ethical theories to determine an appropriate decision, the theory must be directed towards a common set of goals, which are ethical principles (Rainbow, 2002). The ER nurses’ goal is to ensure that the young girl receives the appropriate medical treatment for her condition. Ethical principles that can relate to this situation are beneficence, which is to do what is good and least harm, which is to do the least harm to an individual. In looking at ethical theories, using Deontology and Utilitarianism is useful in that Deontology relates to the nurses obligations and duties to disclose the information and Utilitarianism relates to being able to foresee the consequences of actions if the information is not disclosed. A utilitarian looks at what is the greatest benefit for that individual (Rainbow, 2002). When an individual is confronted with an ethical dilemma, using an ethical-decision making model is useful. This type of model assists in breaking down all the facts and individuals’ involved in the dilemma and helps to develop possible alternatives to address the dilemma. It guides ones’ decision making from an objective, cognitive perspective, rather than an emotional perspective (â€Å"GCU,† 2014). In the article discussed, the ER nurse can incorporate an ethical-decision making model to make the most appropriate decision. First is to address who is involved and what the actual dilemma entails and identify the ethical dilemma. Next, she can look at the situation at hand and determine how her own personal values see this issue and determine what alternatives can be used to help resolve the dilemma. Once the alternative actions are decided upon, the ER nurse can look at each one and decide if they conflict with her own personal values. If so, she may need to get another health care provider involved to eliminate any biases. In the article, the nurse is advised by the physician that the girls’ parents need to be informed; therefore, guiding her into making the appropriate decision. The next step is to prioritize the acceptable alternatives from most acceptable to least acceptable. The alternatives in the articles dilemma can be 1). The young girl informing her parents herself. The implication with this alternative is that most likely she will not inform her parents. 2). The nurse informing the parents of their daughters medical condition. The implication here is that the patient will not feel she can trust the nurse; however, by choosing this alternative, the decision is in the best interest of the child and 3). Not disclosing information at all. The implications here is that the minor child will not receive the appropriate care needed which will cause further harm. The significance in using this model is to ensure that the appropriate ethical decision is made. Ethics committees are available as well to assist and guide when ethical dilemmas occur. In regards to the article, an ethical committee can discuss the alternatives and make recommendations, still keeping in line with the patients’ rights. These committees focus on issues of morality, patient autonomy, legislation, and states’ interest. They have a significant influence on decision making and the power to influence a judge or jury (â€Å"GCU,† 2014). Ethical dilemmas will always be in a health care professionals’ daily work. Using ethical theories and principles will guide health care professionals in making the most appropriate ethical decision. Following these theories and principles will ensure that the patient is receiving the best quality care that they deserve. References

Tefl Teaching English to Young Learners

Teaching English to Young Learners with GO TEFL Result: 81% Assignment Answer the following questions based on your course readings for this module. (100 marks) Part 1: This section covers multiple choice type questions. Choose the correct answer from the possible answers provided. 1. What is one of the main differences between children and adult EFL students? (1) 1. Children are more likely to be forced to attend the classes. 2. Games are effective for children but not effective for adults. 3. It is more important to create the need to learn in adults than in children. .Which of the following is true? (1) 1. Teaching children should be based on improvisation. 2. Children should be taught only through games. 3. It is essential to plan your lessons thoroughly when teaching children. 3. What is important to do in the first class where you teach the letter ‘o'? (1) 1. to associate it with one sound and a word, for example ‘orange', through the use of flash cards 2. to associ ate it with at least two sounds and at least two words, such as ‘orange' and ‘open', through the use of flash cards 3. o teach the name of the letter ‘O' in the alphabet and get the students to repeat a word with ‘o' after you, for example ‘orange' 4. Which of the following is a phonic: (1) 1. the sound  as in ‘jet’; 2. the letter ‘j’; 3. ‘jay’ Choose one answer. 1. a. both 1 and 3 2. only 1 3. only 2 5. You are introducing the letter ‘i’. You have just drilled the word ‘lip’.When will you drill the word ‘bike’? (1) 1. immediately 2. later in the same class 3. in a later class 6. You have just finished teaching single-letter vowel sounds to your students. Which of these sounds is a suitable choice to focus on in your next lesson? 1) 1. ‘ea’ as in ‘eagle’ 2. ‘th’ as in ‘thing’ 3. ‘s’ as in ‘sand’ 7. What is the double-letter sound in the word ‘headline’? (1) 1. he 2. ea 3. in 8. When is the best time to introduce the plural form of nouns? (1) 1. together with the singular form 2. in students’ second year of studying English 3. together with numerals 9. What is the best way of teaching children to pronounce the word ‘road'? (1) 1. first drill ‘r-r-r’, then ‘o-o-o’, then ‘a-a-a’, then ‘oa-oa-oa’, then ‘d-d-d’, finally drill the sounds together ‘road-road-road’ 2. irst drill ‘r-r-r’, then ‘oa-oa-oa’, then ‘d-d-d’, then drill the sounds together ‘road-road-road’   3. first drill the letters ‘ar-ar-ar’, then ‘ou-ou-ou’, then ‘ei-ei-ei’, then ‘dee-dee-dee’, then drill the word ‘road-road-road’. 10. Francis has asked her colleagues some advice on how to teach writi ng to her young students. Here is the advice three of them gave: (1)Fenton: â€Å"Get them to imagine that the whiteboard is a page from their exercise-books and demonstrate to them on the board where to begin writing letters/words and how to write them. Deon: â€Å"Teach them two ways of writing each letter but not at the same time – first teach all the letters in upper case, then all the letters in lower case. † Kate: â€Å"Show them how some letters fit between two lines while others reach the higher line or the lower line. † Whose advice is incorrect? 1. Fenton’s 2. Deon’s 3. Kate’s 11. You are a little frustrated because your students speak too much native language in class. They know that you understand their language, so you realise they do not feel motivated enough to speak English.How can you encourage them to speak only English in class? 1) 1. introduce a punishment for using the native language 2. do drilling for most of the less on; as they repeat after you, they won’t get an opportunity to use their native language 3. introduce a puppet to them, tell the students that the puppet can only speak and understand English and use the puppet throughout the lesson   12. It will probably be impossible for you to keep young learners enthusiastic about learning English if you: (1) 1. don’t give them any praise. 2. don’t let them use their native language. 3. don’t use any gap-fill activities. 3. If you have a student who repeatedly misbehaves and disrupts lessons, which of the following courses of action could be reasonable and effective? (1) 1. discourage the other students from associating with him/her both during and after classes 2. talk loudly and angrily to the child 3. meet with the child’s parents 14. Annette has selected these three structures to teach 5 year-old children in their first year of learning English: (1) 1. ‘Which do you like better, †¦ or †¦? ‘ 2. The past simple of regular and irregular verbs 3. ‘Have you ever been to†¦'Are all those structures suitable for learners of that level? 1. Yes, they are. 2. Structures 1 and 3 are suitable but structure 2 is not. 3. None of the structures are suitable as they are above the students’ level. 15. What is the recommended duration of each activity in a lesson with young learners? (1) 1. 2 minutes 2. 5 minutes 3. 10 minutes Part 2: In this section, questions are generally more open-ended and require a lot of thought. In your responses, particularly those requiring extended writing, please feel free to write more than is required. 1.Think of a game or activity which could help young learners develop their speaking skills (do not use those already mentioned in the module) and describe, step by step, how you would play it with your class. Note: in this game/activity the learners should talk to each other using sentences rather than single words. (Write about 100 words. ) (15) Circular group talking with a ball The young learners get into a circle of four in order to pass the ball to each other. Everyone gets a turn to communicate their name, age, favorite animal†¦ a) Sarah says Hello, What’s your name? b) Patrick says; â€Å"Hello, My name is Patrick! passes the ball to Emma, â€Å"What’s your name? † Emma replies; â€Å"My name is Emma! † c) â€Å"Sarah, How old are you? † Sarah replies; â€Å"I am six years old! † d) (If there is time and depending on the level of English)â€Å"Mary, What’s your favorite farm animal? † Patrick says â€Å"My favorite farm animal is the cow moo, moo! Emma, What’s your favorite farm animal? † Emma replies; â€Å"Me, I like dogs â€Å"woof, woof† This activity gets all the young learners actively involved. They practically sing the sentences to each other (drilling). 2. Describe, step by step, how you would teach the followin g structures.Include any visual aids you would use, what drilling (repetition) you would do and what your instructions would be. You don’t have to write a full lesson plan or activities. Write about 100 words for each structure. 1. Structure 1: Where is it? It’s on/in/under†¦ (15) By using Realia For example: playing hide and seek with a ball while simultaneously using the appropriate phrases and demonstrating their meaning. a) (Teacher hides the ball under the table) â€Å"Where is the ball? It‘s on the chair, in the bag or under the table†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Students reply; â€Å"The ball is under the table, Teacher† ) The young learners repeat the phrases and then take turns hiding the ball. c) Patrick (hides the ball); â€Å"Where is the ball? † Sarah replies, â€Å"It’s in the bag†. d) Sarah (hinds the ball) and asks â€Å"Mary, Where is the ball? † Mary replies, â€Å"it’s on Patrick’s chair†. By playi ng hide and seek (repetitiion/drilling) this enables the children to have fun while learning. 2. Structure 2: How many†¦ are there? There are†¦ (15) a) Again with Realia, I start by demonstrating with sweets (amusing item for sweet tooths) â€Å"How many sweets are there in my hand? Students reply â€Å"There are three sweets in your hand teacher†.Repeating these actions until they become familiar with the phrases. b) And then, I send a bag of sweets around the class so each young learner gets a turn (to correct themselves). c) Every student offers some sweets from the bag to his/her classmate. Each student takes a handful of sweets and counts them. Then asks his/her classmate: â€Å"How many sweets are there in my hand, Sarah? † â€Å"There are two sweets in your hand Patrick. .† d) And so on around the classroom until all the students are comfortable (drilled) with these expressions. 3. Structure 3: Can you†¦? Yes, I can/No I can’t. 15) a) First of all, I give the class an example-context: Realia with a cell phone as children enjoy imitating adults on the phone. â€Å"Hello Mary, It’s Sarah, Can you come to the Cinema on Saturday? † â€Å"Yes I can come to the cinema on Saturday Sarah† Or â€Å"No I can’t Sarah† . b) I ask the students to repeat these phrases a couple of times-drilling. c) And then, I ask them to get into small groups of 3/4 d) And ask them to use other examples of what they like to do on Saturdays: play tennis, football etc. â€Å"Can you come to football on Saturday? †Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yes, I can come to play football on Saturday† No, I can’t. † e) Then back within the whole group, I check the comprehension with more questions around the class to make sure everyone can say and understand (drilled) these phrases. Teacher says; â€Å"Brendan can you ask Sarah can she come to class tomorrow? † â€Å"Sarah replies, yes I can come to class tomo rrow, Brendan! † 3. Read the section (2. Planning an interesting lesson) at the end of the module and imagine you are giving the next lesson to the same class. Your aim is to teach the following set of new double letter sounds: (25) ai as   in sail ay as in tray ir as in girl a as in boat Write a lesson plan according to the same model. The time and level are the same and your aims will be to teach a new set of double letter sounds. Please use as much as you can from the different parts of this module and include a varied range of activities. Total  [100 marks] Using Presentation Practice Production (PPP) as my teaching model. IntroductionStagePresentationSetting the context| First of all, I briefly revise and verify that the students have understood the previously learnt single letter sounds to get them into the context for today’s lesson.In order to set the context (double letter sounds), I show the students a set of flashcards –the students are given the t ime to name the noun (teamwork) and learn new vocabulary. ai – sail ay – tray ir – girl oa – boat Demonstrating these nouns with flashcards allows me to keep my Teacher Talk Time (TTT) low and can prompt the students when they do not know the pronounciation of the double letter sounds. This way I can identify the level of the different students. | Eliciting the target| I send the flashcards around the class so each member gets a chance to attempt to say the words. Sail†, â€Å"tray†, â€Å"girl†, â€Å"boat†The students become more confident when they repeat the nouns individually. This will help them realize that they are capable of pronouncing double letter sounds and encourage them to learn new vocabulary. And then as a whole class we repeat together once again. I encourage the students to feel free to communicate within the group and participate in each others learning. | Concept checking| Once the double letter sounds have been drilled, I ask Concept Checking Questions (CCQs) to make sure that the students have understood the targeted word meaning.I continue to incorporate drilling during this stage. Examples:Is Sarah a boy or a â€Å"girl†? What does a sailorman do? â€Å"Sails a boat† In a restaurant we serve with a â€Å" tray†| Drilling and furtherconcept checking| Using different interactions and teamwork with the aid of the flashcards Examples: All the boys please : â€Å"Sail† All the girls please: â€Å" boat†All the boys, what is the girl holding? â€Å"the girl is holding a tray†All the girls please, What does a Sailorman do? â€Å"Sails a boat†Ã¢â‚¬Å" All the students beside the window please? boat â€Å"etcThis enables me to check the level of the pronunciation that the students use so that they can use them in the following activities. | Board work| The students are invited up to the board in groups of four to form the words. The double le tters are in red: ai, ay, ir, oa and they must find the other letters (previously learnt) from the alphabet to build the spelling of the words sail, girl, tray and boat. We all correct the board work together as a class and then, I add the phonetic script next to the noun on the board. PracticePractice Activity (1)| Now that the class feels comfortable with these double letter sounds, the students can work in small groups. I randomly ask members of the class that need more practice to fill in the gaps. Pictures from a book shown to the class, randomly the teacher asks questions like â€Å"What is the girl holding student replies (with help from another classmate if needed): â€Å"the girl is holding a tray†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Can you describe the image you see here? †Reply: â€Å"The boat is sailing in the sea†I make sure to praise the students that make efforts to communicate.I then give each person a page from the book and individually ask them to describe the image with t he nouns they have just learnt. | Practice Activity (2)| First, I explain that they are going to get into groups of three and think of a song with the nouns. I double check that the students understand the activity. I give them three minutes to complete the task. Using Realia: each group are given an objet: boat, Barbie doll girl, boat with a sail, a kitchen tray and they must try and think of a song with the item (noun) they have chosen:boat, girl, sail, tray I stay available to help each group if they need more motivation or ideas.When time is up, I ask one person out of each group if they want to be a team leader and present briefly their ideas of their song with the noun. The feedback involves the students reading out the answers. And then I use self and peer correction to drill the words that the students had problems with during the task. | Language Review| In order to continue drilling the double letter sounds and revise the songs they just imagined. The children then listen and sing along to the following songs on a CD player.This allows them to revise their pronunciation and the meaning of the nouns that they have just learnt. â€Å"The big ship sails on the ally ally oh†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’m a Barbie Girl†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Little Gingerbread Men (lying on a tray)†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Row, Row, Row Your Boat†(If time and the young learners are still quite energetic they can line up sitting behind one and other on the floor and demonstrate â€Å"the row, row, row your boat† while singing the song)- drillingAn enjoyable ending to the class! |

The Theories Of Aristotle Lenin Cristobal. Australia...

ANALYSIS OF STRATEGIES ARISTOTLE LENIN CRISTOBAL AUSTRALIA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An organization is comparable to a living organism that continues to grow, expand and change. Paralleled to its transcendental growth is the need to strategize on how it will become adaptive and responsive to the overarching changes and challenges despite of technological advancement, innovations, market competition, trends in and consumers’ demographics and needs, organization performance gearing toward organization vitality and sustainable existence. This can be done through the development of a strategic plan. A strategic plan is blueprint of schematic and overall direction of the organization. All the actors particularly the strategists have their primordial responsibility and functions to strategize and plan ahead how the organization will be viewed internally and perceived externally. As posited by David (1995) strategists are the individuals most responsible for the success or failure of the organization. They have different titles such as Chief Executive Officer, Presi dent, Director, and others. The term strategy proliferates in discussions of business. This strategic report emanates the clear sense of an organization s objectives and a sense of how it will achieve these objectives. It looks into the important facets in building its distinctiveness and achieving competitive advantage through being